The unstable authoritarian pathway that many post-colonial African states followed was facilitated by the way in which European empires undermined democratic elements within African societies.
Nigeria's border closure is a panicked reaction which violates ECOWAS protocol.
Despite adopting the Malabo Protocol five years ago, efforts by African states to establish the court have stalled.
Growing scepticism of Rwanda’s development achievements could erode the president’s international reputation.
Foreign intervention has brought drones, cyber-attacks and social media propaganda that foreshadow the future of armed conflict.
